Persistent Hoarseness: Don’t Whisper Away Throat Cancer Symptoms

Dr A Satya Srinivas, Consultant – Medical Oncologist, HCG Curie City Cancer Center, Vijayawada

Our fast-paced world often pushes our voices to the limit. From extended video calls and online meetings to cheering on our favorite teams at crowded stadiums, the way we use our voices has drastically changed in recent years. While technology keeps us connected, it’s easy to neglect the delicate instrument that allows us to communicate – our voice. This is particularly true when a persistent hoarseness settles in.

Persistent hoarseness is a common condition that can affect anyone. It’s often caused by minor irritations, like a cold or overuse of your voice. But in some cases, it could be a sign of a more serious condition, like throat cancer.
While the chances are high that your hoarseness is nothing to worry about, it’s important to be aware of the potential risks and seek medical attention if symptoms persist.

Understanding Hoarseness

Hoarseness is a change in your voice quality. It can make your voice sound breathy, raspy, or strained. It can also cause you to lose your voice completely.

Some of the most common causes include:
• Upper respiratory infections: Cold, laryngitis, and sinusitis can all irritate your vocal cords, leading to hoarseness.
• Vocal strain: Overusing your voice, such as yelling or singing for long periods, can strain thevocal cords
• Acid reflux: Stomach acid backing up into your throat can irritate thevocal cords.
• Allergies: Allergies can cause inflammation in your throat, leading to hoarseness.
• Smoking: Smoking can cause irritatation to the vocal cords, contributing to a hoarser voice.

When to Worry About Hoarseness

Most cases of hoarseness are temporary and improve within a few days or weeks. However, if unresolved, it could be a sign of a more serious condition, such as throat cancer.

See a doctor if you experience any of the following along with hoarseness:

• Hoarseness that lasts for more than two weeks; the most common warning sign of throat cancer
• A lump in your neck or throat
• Difficulty swallowing
• Persistent cough
• Earache
• Unexplained weight loss

Diagnosis and Treatment of Throat Cancer

Throat cancer is highly treatable when detected early. The earlier it’s caught, the better the chance of successful treatment and a full recovery.

If your doctor suspects throat cancer, they may order a variety of tests, including:

• Laryngoscopy: This exam allows the doctor to see your vocal cords using a thin, lighted tube.
• Biopsy: A small sample of tissue is taken from the suspicious area and examined under a microscope for cancer cells.
• Imaging tests: X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs may be used to determine the extent of the cancer.

Treatment for throat cancer depends on the stage and type of cancer. Treatment options may include:

• Surgery: Surgery is often the primary treatment for throat cancer. The type of surgery will depend on the location and size of the tumor.
• Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells.
• Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells throughout the body.

Living With and Beyond Throat Cancer

Persistent hoarseness shouldn’t be ignored. While it’s often caused by a minor issue, it could also be a sign of throat cancer. Treatment for throat cancer can be challenging, but there are many resources available to help you cope with the physical and emotional effects of the disease.

Support groups can connect you with other survivors who understand what you’re going through. There are also speech therapy services that can help you improve your voice after treatment.
By being aware of the risks and taking action when necessary, you can protect your health and well-being.